V03AB15 - Naloxone |
Propably not porphyrinogenic |
PNP |
Rationale
Naloxone is most probably not an inhibitor or an inducer of any major CYP enzymes. Several references consider it as safe.
Risk for gastrointestinal adverse events in the form of nausea and vomiting motivates vigilance against insufficient intake of food, especially of carbohydrate.
Chemical description
Naloxone is an opioid antagonist.
Therapeutic characteristics
Naloxone may be used for the complete or partial reversal of opioid depression, including mild to severe respiratory depression induced by natural and synthetic opioids.
Very common side effects that can be potentially porphyrinogenic through reduction in carbohydrate intake and that also can be confused with an acute porphyria attack is nausea. A common side effect is vomiting.
Metabolism and pharmakokinetics
Naloxone hydrochloride is rapidly metabolised in the liver, mainly by conjugation with glucuronic acid, and excreted in urine. The half-life elimination is 1-1.5 hours.
No drug-drug interactions with naloxone as a perpetrator regarding CYP enzymes are observed (Interaksjoner and Interaktionsdatabasen), which indicate that naloxone is not an inhibitor or inducer of CYP enzymes.
Published experience
Naloxone is listed as safe/likely safe (Hunter 1999).
References
- Scientific articles
- Hunter GH. Anesthetic considerations in hepatic porphyrias. CRNA. 1999 Feb;10(1):6-14. PMID 10504904. #2953
- Drug interaction databases
- Interaksjoner. Naloxone #2954
- Interaktionsdatabasen. Naloxone #2955
- Summary of Product Characteristics
- Norwegian medicines agency. Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC). Naloxone. #2956
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